old norse keyboard old norse keyboard

The font offers uppercase and lowercase characters, special glyphs, and multilingual support. Futhark eventually got replaced with Latin letters when the Nordic countries became Christians. This tribal font is meant to be used for headlines, titles, logos, posters, etc. Getting to know some of the main types or features of reasonably . Shift+Option+. [2] Another source indicates that the letter is "derived from Irish writing".[3]. Scots, Many modern texts use American style quotes, but if you wish to include European style quote marks, here are the codes. 0 . At the end of words as well as within words when it's followed by a voiceless consonant, is devoiced to []. Luxembourgish, Strong Verbs: the principal parts (3sg pres, 3sg past, 3pl past, and past participle) are given for each verb followed by the strong verb class in Roman numerals within parentheses. This spirit motivates all of our publications, as we expand our catalogue to include Viking archaeology and history, as well as Scandinavian historical fiction and our Saga Series. 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars. Keyboard contains symbols of Elder Futhark Younger Futhark Tuesday - named after Tyr, god of war, whose sacrifice helped bind Fenrir. The Runic Alphabet was made for carving in stone, but you can use an Icelandic keyboard or why not an ordinary English one, using the Latin letters to write down their form of Norse since Middle English times, when writing was done in Latin and French mostly, and less in Old English and Norse. The runes hold great spiritual significance in Norse Paganism. Divided between the sir and the Vanir, and sometimes including the jtnar (giants), the dividing line between these groups is less than clear. Pennsylvania German, Old & Middle English, Hebrew, Sanskrit, Old Nordic, Ogham, Unlike the runic letter , is a modified Roman letter. Icelandic, Frisian (East), Today there are between 500 and 1000 people in Denmark who believe in the old Nordic religion and worship its ancient gods. This was especially useful in Viking-inhabited northern England, where both flatr and rogg (rugged) terrain are often shrouded in fok, and oppressed by gustr of wind and lagr (low) sk (clouds). Using the compose key ("multi key") which is popular on Linux, eth can be typed by typing Compose D H for lowercase or Compose Shift+D Shift+H for capital letters. Let's see what you can do in LP Old Norse for free: Study the vocabulary. http://www.utexas.edu/cola/centers/lrc/eieol/norol-0-X.html It was the language of the Vikings or Norsemen. Even modern Viking use them as tattoos.. By Posted schefflera arboricola pruning In marthe brenne legger seg flat. Apple has provided additional keyboards which allow you to enter Old English characters via Unicode. Virtual Keyboard enables you to substitute for the keyboard of your machine a keyboard chosen among the 230 keyboards available. . Complete with a creation myth that has the first gods slaying a giant and turning his body parts into the world, various realms spread out beneath the World Tree Yggdrasil, and the eventual destruction of the known world in the Ragnark, the . It works like the keyboards on older cellphones that had no touchscreens, when all the buttons were still concentrated in a small space. http://www.sagnanet.is has also been used by some in written Welsh to represent //, which is normally represented as dd.[5]. Old Norse was the language spoken by the Vikings, and the language in which the Eddas, sagas, and most of the other primary sources for our current knowledge of Norse mythology were written. 11. Because thorn (/) eth (,) are used in modern Icelandic, many common fonts listed below already contain these characters. , , Translation and transliterations provided by Corey Murray, All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. https://notendur.hi.is/haukurth/norse/olessons/lesson1.php (Sorry Mac/Linux users, we might manage to make one of these for you someday, but at the moment this is all we've got.) Because I didn't . In this game, you will be able to solve two problems: study Old Norse, as well as translate words. ;) I did create three different ones: my main based mostly on A-S, an Elder Futhark and a medieval runes one, and have a key on each that links to the others For instance, to type hold down Option+E, then type A. Yola, For other uses, see, "" redirects here. Old English - Englisc. Vikings used old runic letters during the settlement period and it was only after their Christianization that they adopted the Latin alphabet. The language spoken by the Scandinavians who settled in England is typically referred to as 'Old Norse' and, used in this way, refers to the language of Viking settlers from both Denmark and Norway. I mostly modeled mine after my plain looking Google keyboard, so I had an easier time. Mjlnir Old Norse Style Font (TTF, OTF, WOFF) Mjlnir Old Norse Style Font is a tribal font inspired by Nordic runes and the Viking era. Boys Girls Ake Forebear Alfhild Battle of elves Alva Female elf i eu alli viti gddi ok samvizku, ok skulu gra hvar til annars brourliga. German, wilba.tech WT65-G2-BAUER PCB. Thor also has a carriage that flies. Moreover, a mere table would not be enough to write in Old Norse with runes, it takes a whole tutorial to learn how to do that the way it might have been done on a Viking Age runestone ca. Viking Language 1 and 2 are the authoritative guides to learning Old Norse, opening a world of sagas, Eddas, and runes. Give Your Typing an Old-Fashioned Touch Using Vintage Computer Keyboards. low stock. OS X Option Codes If an application supports the Unicode Hex input Keyboard, then use Option plus the hexadecimal number. For example, heimr <-s, -ar> m world; vinr <-ar, -ir> m friend. Norn, The majority of these inscription have been found in Denmark and Sweden, and they are written in a language much more archaic than Old Norse. Long vowels with accent are listed after the corresponding short vowels without accent (a, ). Numbers | Using the Norse Dictionary The alphabetical order is: a, , b, d, , e, , f, g, h, i, , j, k, l, m, n, o, , p, r, s, t, u, , v, y, , x, z, , , , / . Faliscan, Messapic, Picene, Iberian, Celtiberian, Gothic, Runic, This should be indistinguishable in display but may behave differently in text editors or when processing. Alemannisch; nglisc; Brezhoneg; etina; Dansk; Eesti; Espaol; Esperanto; Euskara; ; Froyskt; Franais; Galego; ; Hrvatski; Bahasa . what is the legal alcohol limit in alabama; colorado department of revenue interest rates 2021 The ogonek (/ n k,- k /; Polish: [nk], "little tail", diminutive of ogon) is a diacritic hook placed under the lower right corner of a vowel in the Latin alphabet used in several European languages, and directly under a vowel in several Native American languages.It is also placed on the lower right corner of consonants in some Latin transcriptions of various . On Microsoft Windows, eth can be typed using the alt code .mw-parser-output .keyboard-key{border:1px solid #aaa;border-radius:0.2em;box-shadow:0.1em 0.1em 0.2em rgba(0,0,0,0.1);background-color:#f9f9f9;background-image:linear-gradient(to bottom,#eee,#f9f9f9,#eee);color:#000;padding:0.1em 0.3em;font-family:inherit;font-size:0.85em}Alt+(0240) for lowercase or Alt+(0208) for uppercase, or by typing AltGr+d using the US International keyboard layout. Swedish, If you have a vintage computer and want to pair it with a compatible old keyboard, or if you simply like the mechanical feel of these typing accessories, you can look for affordable PC peripherals on eBay. Big Old Keyboard is, as its name indicates, a large, old-school keypad for Android devices. The numerous verses found in the Hvaml were collected from different sources, with some date back to the 10th century. Wymysorys, Hann hamar gan. Pressed keys will thus be recognized and replaced by the character corresponding from the selected virtual keyboard. .mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}U+00F0 LATIN SMALL LETTER ETH represents a voiced dental fricative in the International Phonetic Alphabet. Bauer Replacement Feet . These fonts also usually contain long vowels ,,,,.These fonts include: Many fonts also contain the Old Norse (o-ogonek) character. Wednesday - honoring Odin (also given as Woden) king of the gods. Use these codes to input accented letters in HTML. categories. Note that modern Icelandic is very close to Old Norse. Go to your system settings . This dictionary, in both Old Norse to English and English to Old Norse versions, is derived from the sources listed at bottom. More than 230 keyboards and 100 countries ! Since this keyboard is a homebrewed creation, your computer may give you warnings about an unrecognized publisher. Old Norse and Norwegian are related languages: Old Norse is the ancestral language from which Norwegian is derived. Bavarian, Between 800 and 1050 AD a division began to appear between East Norse, which developed into Swedish and Danish, and West Norse, which developed into Norwegian, Faroese, Icelandic and Norn, an extinct language once spoken in Shetland, Orkney, and northern parts of Scotland. The symbol marks the 246 most common words in the sagas. This is a work of data transcription, conversion, combination and formatting, with only a minor amount of . This is a list of Germanic deities that are in Norse mythology . The earliest known inscriptions in Scandinavia date from the the 2nd century AD and were written in Runes mainly on stone, or on personal artifacts such as brooches and swords. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. http://www.hi.is/~haukurth/norse/ In the Prose Edda this is the name of an old woman (old age personified) who wrestles with and defeats the god Thor. Where Thor drives there is storm. When a past tense dental is added to a verb whose stem already ends in a dental (leia, setja and senda), the two dentals often undergo change. Let's find out! Elfdalian, Nice! Most Old Norse literature was written in Iceland and includes the Eddas, poems about gods and mythic origins, or the heroes of an earlier age; Scaldic poetry, which was concerned with extolling the virtues and telling tales of the notable exploits of kings and other patrons; and the Sagas, stories of historical figures or groups intended as entertainment. google_ad_height = 90; Vickrey Bauer 2 Keyboard . Once entered, these letters can be cut and pasted as needed. Junicode Font Palemonas MUFI- Comprehensive and Includes bold/Italic Quivira Font- Also very comprehensive Andron Scriptor Web MUFI Fonts Page Windows ALT Codes much like 'qwerty-keyboards' got its name from the top left letters of the keyboard. Old Norse was the language spoken by the Vikings, and the language in which the Eddas, sagas, and most of the other primary sources for our current knowledge of Norse mythology were written. It is the language of cleverly crafted kennings, blood-curdling curses, and pithy retorts to Ragnark. Learning or teaching Old Norse is easy with The Viking Language Series. Abstract. He drives the carriage through the sky. Filters. Their original meanings are nothing more than the educated guesses of historians and archaeologists. Thor often goes to Gianthome and slays many giants there with the hammer. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Designed by Sveinn Ullarson, this digital keyboard is easy to download and install onto any Windows PC. I got tired of looking for a keyboard installation for typing Anglo-Saxon runes in Junicode, so I made one. Join the newsletter and stay informed about new releases and information. avg rating 4.03 2,706 ratings published 1240. Letter of the Latin alphabet; used in Icelandic, Faroese, and Old English, "Edh" redirects here. Old Norse words are good for describing bleikr landscapes and weather. 37. This section presents information specific to Latin. Here, a linguist who specializes in Old Norse gives a window into ho. Old English, Virtual Keyboard gives you access to the national characters of more than 100 countries. If you like this site and find it useful, you can support it by making a donation via PayPal or Patreon, or by contributing in other ways. papi m pope; priest; name for the Irish anchorites said to be in Iceland when the first Norse settlers arrived. You can switch to the Unicode Hex Input keyboard and use these Option numeric codes. Old Norse is the language of Vikings, Runes, and Eddic used from roughly 1150 to 1350. In Windows, combinations of the ALT key plus a numeric code from the number keypad can be used to type a non-English character in any Windows application. The three best-known alphabets are the Elder Futhark (150-800 CE), the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc (400-1100 CE) and the Younger Futhark (800-1100 CE). New Fuork: ( ) Type t= for . Alt + click a button to copy a singl The experts from PaperHelp think that learning the Old Norse language is a source for any paper writing. These languages are grouped together aside from the other Mainland Scandinavian languages of Danish, Swedish, Norwegian and the non-Germanic language Finnish because their writing systems maintain special characters, particularly thorn () and eth (). Ripuarian, Old Norse name, derived from the element hrr "praise, fame" combined with either geirr "spear" (making it a relation of Hrgeirr), herr "army, warrior" or varr "aware, cautious". Old Norse text provided by a Magistri Old Norse Tutor, A recording of this text by Matthew Leigh Embleton. Note: Another option is to insert them via the Character Viewer/Palette. He has a good hammer. Old Norse, Old Norse is a North Germanic language that was spoken among the people who inhabited the Scandinavian peninsula and Denmark from roughly the 9th until the 13th century AD (and in some places well into the 15th century). /* VirtualKeyboard.biz - 728x90 */ Norse mythology refers to the Scandinavian mythological framework that was upheld during and around the time of the Viking Age (c. 790- c. 1100 CE). But it has a long history; it's related to the Old Norse word bana, which means "to kill.". 3. You can easily reach the national and special characters of more than 230 keyboards. For example, kalla <-a-> vb to call. Old Norse was a North Germanic language once spoken in Scandinavia, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, Greenland, and in parts of Russia, France and the British Isles and Ireland. Anonymous. 860930; Klakk-Haraldr Klakk-Harald, harr adj hard, difficult, severe. Here is an example: Helm of Awe (Old Norse gishjalmr), Viking Compass (Icelandic: Vegvsir), and Troll Cross are among the most famous symbols in the modern culture associated with Norse mythology. Weak Verbs: The weak verb class is given in Arabic numerals within parentheses. Note: These work only in Word 2003+ for Windows. In Glosbe you will find translations from English into Old Norse coming from various sources. It can also be used as a noun, which means "death"a bit closer to the modern English meaning of the word. We are proud to release the first Brazilian NORD LIVE session ever featuring some of the most renowned keyboard players in the country! Sunday - honoring Sunna, Norse goddess of the sun. Old Norse is the language of legends and the stuff of sagas, the inspiration for Tolkien and Marvel, for award-winning manga and epic videogames. Strong Masculine Nouns: the genitive singular and nominative plural endings are given after the nominative singular. Specify in the selection box to the bottom of the virtual keyboard, your keyboard key mapping to be able to use it to input your text. Log in; Search; Cart (0) Keyboards. Tower of Babel | For example, fara vb (VI) to go, travel. Dismiss, Old Norse Vocabulary: The 246 Most Common Words, Viking Age Iceland: A Story of Contradictions, Viking Language 1: Audio Lessons 1-8 (Pronounce Old Norse, Runes and Icelandic Sagas), Viking Language 1: Audio Lessons 9-15 (Pronounce Old Norse, Runes and Icelandic Sagas). So by clicking on these links you can help to support this site. Learning materials, Information about Old Norse [6], U+1D06 LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL ETH is used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet.[7]. ), Email Heathenhairdesigns@gmail.com Phone 636-579-8892. Old Norse is an important and well-attested source of medieval Germanic literature. It's worth mentioning here that the word "Viking" means "pirate raid" in Old Norse. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Norse A scholarly project focused on Tolkien from both a corpus linguistic and digital humanities perspective. Mjlnir - a tribal font inspired by the nordic runes and the viking era. Indeed, the Vikings themselves thought that these symbols, that they also used for the mundane such as commerce and politics, carried magical powers.. Read on to learn more about the origins of the Nordic runes, the meanings of individual . Compound Words. Note that these codes may not work in older browsers. Elder Fuark: ( ) http://www.svenska.gu.se/~svekgj/wormianus.html Today the Icelandic Alphabet contains 36 letters and is a combination of the Roman Alphabet (without the c, q, and w) and with a few Runic characters. Jules William Press was founded in 2013 to address the needs of modern students, teachers, and self-learners for accessible and affordable Old Norse texts. These textbooks have everything you need to become proficient in Old Norse, including grammar, vocabulary, and exercises. http://guindo.pntic.mec.es/~jmag0042/alphabet.html, Afrikaans, Additionally, the dental suffix -a- indicates when a weak verb is 1st conjugation. Note: Additional Old Norse characters must be inserted with the Character Map utility. beztr (also baztr) superl adj of gr best, bija vb (V) to ask, request; beg; command, tell; wish; bija [e-n] [e-s] ask [sb] for [sth]; bija gera command to be made, bifask <-i, -r also -a-> vb mid (1) to shake, tremble, quake; be moved, Bifrst f Bifrost, rainbow bridge that connects Migarr and sgarr, binda vb (III) to bind, tie, fasten; bind up (a wound); pledge; binda [e-u] bind to [sth], bind on [sth], ba vb (I) [w gen] to wait for, remain, abide; [w acc] suffer, undergo, bta vb (I) to bite, bite through; rip apart, bjarga vb (III)[w dat] to save, help, Bjarnardttir f Bjorns daughter (personal name), Bjarnarfjrr m Bjorns Fjord (place name), bjartr adj bright, bja vb (II) [w acc] to offer; [w dat] invite; order, command; bja [e-m] stt offer [sb] reconciliation; bja [e-n] [e-m] at stt offer [sth] to [sb] for reconciliation, bjrn m bear, Bjrn m Bjorn (personal name); Bjrn buna Bjorn buna, blanda vbmix, blend, blanda [e-t][e-u] mix [sth] with [sth]; also blanda [e-u] vi [e-t], blr adj blue; dark, black; bltnn (nickname) Bluetooth, blsa vb (VII) to blow, Bleking f Blekinge, Denmark (place name), now part of Sweden, bl n blood; blx (nickname) Bloodaxe, blta vb (VII)[w acc] to worship; worship with sacrifice; [w dat] sacrifice, sacrifice in worship, blta <-a> vb (1) [w acc] to worship; worship with sacrifice; [w dat] sacrifice, sacrifice in worship; curse, blunda <-a> vb (1) to shut the eyes, doze, boa <-a-> vb (1) to proclaim, preach at boa kristni to preach Christianity; [w dat] order, summon, bokki (also bkki) m buck, fellow (used as a manner of address); bokki sll my good fellow, good sir, boss, bor f board, plank; side of a ship ship (larboard and starboard); board, table; board, food, upkeep; bor on one side (of a ship), borg f stronghold, fortification; town, borgarmar m garrisoned soldier; townsman, bgr m shoulder of an animal, bndi (also bandi & bandi) m husband; farmer; head of a household, bt f bettering, cure, remedy; adornment; pl compensation, atonement; at btum as atonement, Brattahl f Brattahlid (place name), Steep-Slope, brgrr adj matured early in life, precocious, brr adj sudden; hot-tempered, hasty, brtt adv soon, suddenly; brtt er as soon as, brega vb (III) [w dat] to move quickly; draw, brandish (a weapon); break (faith or an oath); turn, alter, change; break off, leave off, give up; brega vi [e-u] to ward off with, parry with [sth]; bregask mid fail, come to nothing; bregask [e-m] deceive, disappoint [sb]; bregask [e-t] shapechange, turn into [sth], breia <-ddi, -ddr> vb (2) to spread; stretch; display, Breiablik n Breidablik, hall of the god Baldr (place name), Breiafjarardalir m pl Dales of Breidafjord (place name), Breiafjrr m Breidafjord, Broad Fjord (place name), breiara comp adv of breitt, more broadly, brenna vb intrans (III) to burn, bresta vb (III) to burst, break, crash; bresta nir crash down, brjta vb (II) tobreak, break up, break open; brjtask mid of brjta; brjtask til rkis fight for the kingdom; see brauzt; brauzk, Brodd-Helgi <-s> m Spike-Helgi (personal name), brott (also (/) brottu, burt & () braut) adv away, off, brir m brother, brurgjld n pl wergeld, ransom, or compensation for a dead brother, br f bridge; causeway built over swampy ground, brr f bride; poet woman, bryggja f pier; dock; quay, gangway [sometimes carried on ships]; in some instances, a bridge in the pl as a series of piers with pilings forming a long gangway, byggja (also byggva) vb (2) to settle; occupy; inhabit, dwell, brytimsteward, person in charge of food supply; bailiff, buna f buna (nickname of uncertain meaning, perhaps one with ungartered stockings, i.e., hanging down his leg), Buri m Buri (personal name), grandfather of Odin, burluftr m clumsy-foot (meaning uncertain), b (also b) n home, house, household; farm; estate, ba vb (VII) to live (in a place), dwell, inhabit, live; prepare, make ready; arrange; bask mid prepare, get oneself ready; bask til [e-s] prepare oneself for [sth]; bask um make oneself secure, prepare, Bseyra f Buseyra, a giantess killed by Thor, b (var of b) n home, house, household; farm; estate, bi adv both; bi ok conj both and, br (also br) m farm, farmhouse, farmstead; landed estate; town, bta <-tti, -ttr> vb (2) to better, make compensation, Bvarr <-s> m Bodvar (personal name); Bvarr Bjarki one of King Hrolfs champions, blvasmir m contriver of mischief, misfortune, Blorn <-s> m Bolthorn, Thorn of Bad Luck, father of Bestla, Brr m Bor (personal name), son of Buri and father of Odin, dagr m day; dag today; um daginn eptir (on) the day after, the next day; lifetime, Dala-Kollson m son of Dala-Koll (Kollr personal name), Koll of the Dales from Dalir), Dalir m pl (Dalir, place name) Dales; dala gen pl of dalir; Dalar pl nom an old form of the word, dalr m valley, dale, Danavirki n Danevirke (place name) Wall of the Danes, fortification across southern Jutland, Danmarkar gen of Danmrk; Danmarkarbt (nickname) Denmarks Adornment, Betterment, Enhancement, Dinsleif f Dainsleif, name of Hognis sword, Dains Inheritance, detta vb (III) to drop, fall, deyja vb (VI) to die, djarfr adj bold, daring, dmr <-s, -ar> m court; judgement (whether favorable or unfavorable); renown, dttir f daughter, draga vb (VI) topull, draw, drag; dragask mid move, draw oneself, be drawn, draumr <-s, -ar> m dream; henda mikit gaman at draumum take great interest in dreams, dreifa <-i, -r> vb (2) to spread, scatter; dreifask mid be spread out, drekka vb (III) to drink, drekkja <-ti, -tr> vb (2) [w dat] to submerge; fig suppress; impers [e-m] drekkir [sb] is drowned, drepa vb (V) to slay, kill, smite; strike, beat, knock; drepa [e-u] [e-t] stick [sth] into [sth], dreyma <-i~di, -t> vb (2) [w acc subj and obj] to dream; [e-n] dreymr [e-t] impers [sb] dreams [sth], dreyra <-i, -t> vb (2) to bleed, ooze (of blood from a slight wound), drfa vb trans (I) to drive; intrans crowd, throng, drift, hurry, drjpa vb (II) to drip, drttinn m lord, drttning f queen, duga <-i, dugat> vb (4) to do; show prowess; suffice, fare duga verr fare worse (in a contest); be useful, dvelja vb (3) to slow, stop, dynja vb (3) to din, thunder, resound, whir, whizz; pour, shower, dyrr f pl door, doorway, dgg f dew, Dkklfar (also Dkklfar; sg -alfr) m pl Dark Elves, dkkr adj dark, ea (also er) conj or; (introducing a question) but, efri (also fri) comp adj upper, inner; latter, efstr (also fstr) superl adj uppermost, innermost; last, eggja <-a-> vb (1) to incite, goad, egg on, urge, Egill m Egil (personal name), Egilsstair m pl Egilsstadir (place name) Egils Farmstead, eiga <, tti, ttr> pret-pres vb to own, have, possess; marry, be married or related to; aux must, owe, be obligated, have to, need to; eiga ragr take council, eigna <-a-> vb (1) to attribute, dedicate; mid eignask get, claim, take, become the owner of, einheri <-ja, -jar> m great champion (addressing Thor); einherjar pl slain warriors who dwell in Valhll, einn num one; indef pro a, an; a certain one; adj alone (when placed after the noun it modifies, einn can take on the meaning only); some; merely, einnhverr adj pron some, someone, a certain one; (usu as two words, einn hverr) each, each one; einnhvern dag one day, einvaldi m sole ruler, monarch, sovereign, Eirksfjrr m Eiriksfjord (place name), Eiriks Fjord, eitthvat adj pron some, something, a certain one, ekkert late var of engi/enginn (n nom/acc sg), eld(a)sklimfire hall, main hall of a long house, where benches used for sitting and sleeping were warmed by a long fire that ran the length of the hall and was used for cooking, elding f last part of the night before dawn, elfr f great river, Elfrr inn rki m Alfred the Great (personal name), ellifu (also ellefu) num eleven, ellztr (also elztr, elstr) superl of gamall, oldest, eldest, elska <-a> vb (1) tolove; elskask love one another, elskask at [e-m] grow fond of [sb], en conj but; and (in a contrastive sense); [w comp] than, enda conj and; and if; even; even if; and also, and so; and yet; by the way, engi indef pron no one, none, no; engir menn no one, enskis (also engis~enkis) m/n gen sg of engi, eptir (also ept) prep [w acc] after (in time); in memory of; [w dat] after, along; according to; eptir landinu along the coast; adv after, afterwards, behind; standa eptir or vera eptir stay back, remain behind; eptir etta after that, afterward, eptri (also aptari) comp adj farther back; latter, epztr (also aptastr) superl adj farthest back; last, er (older es) rel particle who, which, that; conj and adv when; where; ar er there where; while; as, at, r/r pl pron of you; r = r; see r, erendi (also rendi, erindi) n errand, mission, its result, erfa <-i, -r> vb (2) to throw a funeral feast; inherit, erja vb (3) to plough; scratch, scrape, ey f island, eya <-ddi, -ddr> vb (2) to waste; spend; do away with, destroy; make empty; eyask mid be squandered, come to naught, eygr adj -eyed, having eyes of a certain kind, eyrir m ounce of silver or gold, eyrr (also eyri) f gravelly riverbank; small spit of land running into the sea, Eyrbyggjar m pl Settlers of Eyri (place name, see eyrr), Eystribygg f Eastern Settlement (place name), part of Norse Greenland, fair m father, fagr adj beautiful, fair, attractive, fala <-a-> vb to demand for purchase; fala [e-t] af [e-m] to offer to buy [sth] from [sb], Falhfnir m Falhofnir (personal name) Hidden-hoof (hidden by hair), or Pale-hoof, horse of the sir, falla vb (VII) tofall; be killed; fallask mid fail, fara vb (VI) to go, travel; move; fara at go, proceed; put an end to; fara fr leave, back off, back away, f vb (VII) to get, obtain, take, procure; grasp; give; deliver; get a chance to, be allowed to, be able to; [w gen] marry, fekk konu got married, lit got a wife; f gar vitkur receive a good welcome, Ffnir m Fafnir, a son of Hreidmar who turns himself into a dragon, brother of Regin, fla f witch, hag; frightener (nickname), fr adj pron few; cold, reserved; ftt manna few men, lit few of men, fegr comp adv of fagrt more beautifully, more fairly, fegrstr superl adj of fagr most beautiful, most fair, most attractive, fela vb (IV) to hide, conceal, fen n a fen, a quagmire, bog, swamp; a wide deep pool, fer f journey; conduct, behavior, ferma <-da, -dr> vb (2) to load, ferma [e-t] me [e-u] load [sth] with [sth], feti m strider, stepper, pacer (name for a horse), f n cattle, sheep; livestock; wealth, money; can include property, flagimpartner, comrade, companion, friend, fim(m)tn num fifteen, fingr m finger, finna vb (III) tofind; discover; come across; finnask mid be found, be perceived, noticed; impers [w dat subj] be found, perceived, noticed by [sb]; fannsk mnnum or um, and people commented on/about, fjaralauss adj without feathers, featherless, fjara f ebb-tide, ebb; shore, beach, fjarri adv far off, fjrir num four, fjrtn num fourteen, fjl f multitude; poet [w gen] plenty of, fjlkyngifmagic, the black art, witchcraft, sorcery, fjlmennr adj in a large group, numerous; with many people, well-attended, fjlmennt adv in crowds, in large numbers, fjrr m fjord, fjrlausn f ransom for ones life; release from life, flaki m wicker-work shield, barrier, or covering, flakka <-a-> vb (1) toroam, wander about (as a shepherd with his sheep), flaska f flask; flsku-skegg bottle-beard (nickname); flsku-bakr bottle-back (nickname), fl vb (VI) to flay; strip (of clothes and of money), fleinn m pike, spear; dart, shaft; fluke of an anchor, fljta vb (II) tofloat; skipit flaut the ship floated (at anchor), fljga vb (II) to fly, fylgja <-di~i, -dr, r> vb [w dat] to follow, accompany; help, side/go with, flytja vb (3) to convey, move, carry; bring, deliver; tell, recite, formar (pl formenn) mcaptain, leader, chieftain, lit fore-man, formlimstipulation, condition; preamble, foreword, preface, forr n administration, management; til forra for rulership, Flkar (also Flkvarr) <-ar> m Folkad (personal name), fstr n fostering of a child; taka til fstrs take as a foster child; vera at fstri be a foster-child, be in a fostering relationship, ftr m foot, foot and leg, fram adv forward; further on, framan adv from the front; framan hann in his face, framar (also fremr) comp adv of fram farthest forward, framast (also fremst) superl adv of fram farthest forward, frami m courage, boldness; fame, distinction; luck, advantage, fr prep [w dat] from; about; adv away, away from; fr away; aan fr from that point onward, fregna vb (V) to hear of, be informed; ask; frk (fr ek) I heard, freista <-a-> vb (1) [w gen] to try, make trial of, frest n delay, respite; lj [e-m] fresta give [sb]; respite, Freyds f Freydis (personal name), frr adj beautiful, handsome, fine, frumvaxta adj indecl in ones prime, early come into ones prime, full-grown, frndi m kinsman, relative, friend, Frysteinn (also Freysteinn) <-s> m Froystein (personal name), fuglardd (fuglsrdd))f speech of birds (speech of a bird), fundr <-ar, -ir> m meeting; gathering; finding, discovery; koma fund [e-s] come to a meeting with [sb], fss adj eager fss [e-s] eager for [sth], fylg f help, support; guidance; party, followers, fylgja vb (2) [w dat] to accompany; follow; help, side with, fylkja <-ti, -t> vb (2) [w dat] to draw up (in battle array), fylla <-di, -dr> vb (2) to fill; complete; fulfill, fyrir (also fyr) prep [w acc/dat] before, in front of; along; against; before, preceding, ago; above, superior to; for, on behalf of; because of; instead of; by, by means of; [w acc only] in spite of, against; [w dat only] at the head of (leading); fyrir bor overboard; fyrir fram [w acc] forward; fyrir innan [w acc] inside; fyrir nean [w acc] below; fyrir ofan [w acc] above; fyrir tan [w acc] outside; out beyond; fyrir adv ahead, in front, before; first, before; at hand, present; vera ar fyrir be there present; fyrir v at conj because; [of place] fyrir austan in the east; east of; fyrir vestan in the west; [of time] fyrra vetr last winter; ltill fyrir sr insignificant, fyrirbja <-br, -bau, -buu, -boinn> vb (II)to forbid, fyr(ir)nema <-nemr, -nam, -nmu, -numinn> vb (IV) to deprive one of speech, make silent, fyrr comp adv before, previously, sooner; at first; fyrr en conj before, sooner than, until, fyrri comp adj former, previous; comp adv (= fyrr) before, previously, sooner; rather than, fddisk 2/3sg past of fask was born; grew up, fa <-ddi, -ddr> vb (2) to feed; rear, bring up; fa upp bring up; fask mid grow up, be brought up; be born; feed oneself, be fed; fask upp grow up, be brought up; fask vi [e-t] to live on [sth], fra <-i, -r> vb (2) to bring, present, convey, send, give, furmir m fathers mother, grandmother, gala vb (VI) to scream; howl; crow; chant, gamall adj old, gaman n game, sport; pleasure, enjoyment, delight, joy, Gamli m Gamli, the Old One (personal name), ganga vb (VII) to walk; go; ganga af leave, go from; ganga [e-t] encroach upon [sth]; ganga til go up to, go toward, ganga f walk, go, move, course, procession, Gangleri m Gangleri (mythological name) Wanderer, false name adopted by the Swedish king Gylfi, garr <-s, -ar> m enclosed space, yard; fence; court; stronghold, castle, garpr <-s, -ar> m bold, daring, courageous, or warlike man or woman, gata f way, path, road, gaumr m attention, heed; gefa at [e-u] gaum pay attention to [sth], gefa vb (V) togive, grant, gegnum (also gegnum, ggnum) prep [w acc] through, geldingr <-s, -ar> m wether, gelded sheep, gera (also gra) <-i, -r > vb (2) to make; do, act; gera sr mikit um [e-n] make much of or admire [sb]; gerask mid become, come to pass, occur, happen, geta vb (V) to get; beget [w gen] speak of, mention; [hon] man lta getit [she] will have it told; ess er getit impers it is told; [w ppart of another verb] be able to; geta veiddan fisk be able to catch fish; impers [w dat subj] getask at [e-m/e-u] like, love [sb/sth], geyja <3pl past g> defective vb to bark; geyja [e-n] abuse [sb], gildr adj worthy, great; of full value; [w dat] valued at, Giml m Gimle, hall inhabited by Light Elves, Ginnlaug <-ar> f Ginnlaug (personal name), Ginnungagap n Ginnungagap, yawning or gaping void, primeval void from which the world is created, gipta <-ti, -tr> vb (2) to give away in marriage, Gizurr m Gizur (personal name) Gizurr inn hvti Gizur the White, gna vb (I)to gape, yawn, gjald n tribute; payment; reward; compensation; wergeld, gjalda vb (III)to pay, repay; give; [w gen] pay for, suffer on account of, gjalla vb (III) to yell, scream, Gjallarbr f Gjallarbru (place name) Gjll Bridge, bridge on the way to Hel, Gjallarhorn n Gjallarhorn, Yelling Horn, horn blown by the god Heimdall to announce the beginning of Ragnarok, gjarna (also gjarnan) adv eagerly, willingly, very much, gjsa vb (II) to gush, burst out; erupt, Glenr m Glen (personal name)horse of the sir or the husband of Sl (Sun), Glitnir m Glitnir, silver hall belonging to the god Forseti, gla <-a-> vb (1) to glow, shine, glitter, glymja vb (3) to dash noisily, clatter, rattle, clash, gnesta vb (III) to crack, clash, Gnitaheir f Gnitaheath, the health where Fafnir, as a dragon, lies upon great wealth, gna vb (VII) to rub, go n god, one of the pagan gods (see also gu), Gormr <-s> m Gorm, first king of the Jelling dynasty in Denmark (personal name), gr adj good, graungr (also griungr) <-s, -ar> m bull, grafa vb (VI) to dig, Grgs f Grey-Goose, laws of early Iceland, grta vb (VII) to weep, cry, greia <-ddi, ddr> vb (2) to comb, unravel; prepare; speed, hasten; pay, grey n dog, greyhound; bitch, grimmastr superl of grimmr most cruel, mose severe, gripr <-ar, -ir> m (costly) thing, treasure, Grmnir <-s> m Grimnir (personal name) Masked One, one of Odins names, grpa vb (I)to grasp, seize, gra vb (VII) to grow; heal, grund f green field; ground; poet the earth, green earth; Atals grund land of Atal (kenning for sea), grunnr <-s, -ar> m bottom (of the sea or other body of water), gra (also gra) <-ddi, -ddr> vb (2) to make grow; heal; increase, grf f pit; grave, grptr (also grftr) m digging, burial, gu m God; n god, one of the pagan gods, usu used in pl (see also go), Gubjrg f Gudbjorg (personal name), Gubrandr <-s> m Gudbrand (personal name), gullhyrndr adj golden-horned, with horns of gold, Gulltoppr m Gulltopp (personal name) Gold Tuft or Gold Mane, horse of the sir, Gunnhildr f Gunnhild (personal name), Gunnlaugr <-s> m Gunnlaug (personal name), gyldr adj gilded; hafi gyldan hjlm had a gilded/golden helmet, Gylfi m Gylfi, king in Sweden, name of a Viking (personal name), Gyllir m Golden or Yeller (mythological name) horse of the sir and a jtunn name, Gyrgir m Gyrgir, Greek general Georgios Maniakes, Grr f Gyrid (personal name), gfumunr m difference in fortune, turn or shift of luck, gta vb (4) [w gen] to watch, tend, take care of, gfugr adj noble, gltr m boar, hog, Gngu-Hrlfr m Hrolf the Walker (personal name), gra (also gera, grva) vb (2), grr (also gerr, grr) adj and ppart of gra; accomplished, skilled; done, haf n sea, the high sea; vestr um haf westwards over the sea, hafa vb (2) to have; hold, keep; take; hafa [e-t] hendi hold [sth] in ones hand; hafa [e-t] me sr take, bring [sth] with one; hafask mid live, dwell; hafask at occupy oneself with [sth], do, undertake, HafrsfjrrmHafrsfjord (place name); Hafrsfiri in Hafrsfjord, hagr m state, condition, affairs; fate; means.